The current confirmed theory and model of the universe is not the geocentric model but is in fact the heliocentric model, helio meaning sun. Within this model, the sun is the centre of our solar system with all other planets, including our earth orbiting around it.
It is now believed that the orbit of the planets is in fact elliptical and not circular. Planets do have a very close to circular orbit but it's not perfectly circular which is why they're considered to be elliptical. Evidence of this can be the seasons on earth due to the change of distance from the sun and the tilt of the earth.
It is now known that the crystalline structures and the reverse movements of the planets are not true and do not exist/happen. This can easily be explained with the current heliocentric model. The real explanation of the retrograde motion is that we view the moving planets from the earth, as the earth itself is also moving. During particular parts of our orbit, we "overtake" other planets so it appears that they move backwards for a short while.
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